In The Planned Invasion Of Normandy Essay

In The Planned Invasion Of Normandy Essay In The Planned Invasion Of Normandy Essay Saving Private Ryan is a movie about an American family who had lost three of their four sons in the battle during World War II, and the search for the last remaining son. Captain John Miller was sent on the rescue team to save Private James Ryan, the fourth and only remaining brother. However, this mission was not easy; finding him was really hard, but surviving tanks and enemy bullets was harder. â€Å"Eventually, they located Ryan, but when they ask him to leave, he refuses. He said that he could not leave his unit, who was assigned to hold a key bridge† (worldwariifilms). Miller decided to help him defend his position. If they succeeded, they could save both Private Ryan and his position, but, unfortunately, they found Miller’s body lying on among the battle field. This was what the movie Saving Private Ryan told us. This movie is a real history of D-Day the day that the U.S. military invaded Normandy. This movie has some truth in that it locates the area of the bat tle field and the date of D-Day, but it is somewhat incorrect in that there was never a commander Private Ryan or a Captain John Miller. Talking about the accuracy of this movie, when we watch the first scene, â€Å"this movie accurately portrays the horrors of war.† (amankarios1). The bullets from the German troops are shot to the U.S. military that is on the LCVPs boat as the heavy rain. In the result of trying to land the army, â€Å"the blood soaked sand, bodies slain along the shore, and the bloody ocean tide bring the movie scene to life†(amankarios1) on June 6, 1944. Considering the uniforms of each side, for the U.S. Army the uniforms are fairly accurate- the helmets, combat soldiers’ pants and shirts, also the guns they use, â€Å"especially the 101st Airborne uniforms and patch.†(amankarios1). The plan is also accurate, we learn from the movie that all of the soldiers will try to move to higher ground and take over Pointe-du-Hoc. Then they will storm Omaha Beach; as a sign that the war will begin. In addition, one of the most accurate parts of the movie is how it portrays the wounds of each soldier. One lost his arm or both arms. One lost his legs. One could see his entrails- liver, stomach, or intestine. Many were screaming or crying and trying to get their organs back in. Also this movie accurately describes the hardships and obstacles that soldiers have to face. Both mental and physical issue attack their bravery and motivation. During their mission, they lose fellow soldiers every day. â€Å"David Kenyon Webster, a soldier in the Parachute Infantry described a situation with him and a fellow soldier with the other soldier being injured and asking Webster to leave him behind† (amankarios1). On the other hand, some scenes of this movie are exaggerated. The first one is when Captain John Miller leads the rescue of Private Ryan. In fact, it would almost be impossible to find someone among a ton of troops and crowds. We can assume that this team was very lucky, otherwise it was very skillful in tracing someone behind enemy line. The second inaccuracy is that the name Captain John Miller is not real. There is no such name appearing in the history of D-Day. That means this rescue team is not real. Also â€Å"many of the smaller battles either went unnamed or had fictitious names. The final battle of the movie was at ‘Rommelle’ which actually did not exist in real life. Rommel was actually a German Field Commander during World War II.† (discoveryuk). Unforgettable, a main fictitious character Private Ryan himself is also created by a director. This name, as well as Miller, never existed in history, nor is he ever rescued by this made-up rescue team. However, â€Å"there is a man named Frederick ‘Fritz’ Niland from the 101st Airborne Division, who Private Ryan is modeled after.†(discoveryuk). Likewise, Fritz is one of four brothers whose three older brothers were killed during World War II, two at Utah Beach and one at Burma. Nevertheless, there is no report that he was rescued by any

What is Black Economy

What is Black Economy What Is the Black Economy? If you need a similar essay feel free to  ask our writers for help! The Black Economy is a significant but difficult to measure part of almost every economy in the world. Depending on the source, â€Å"black economy† is taken to mean that part of the economy that involves illegal and criminal activity, such as the trade in drugs or smuggled goods. However, the term is also used interchangeably with terms such as shadow economy, informal economy, or underground economy. Whether it involves illicit activity or not, the black economy has four key characteristics: It is a cash-based economy and is isolated from the banking system. It may feature its own sophisticated system of credit. It exists outside a country’s business regulation framework. It is usually difficult if not impossible for the government to track, and therefore is untaxable. It is not reflected in the country’s GDP or GNI statistics, though it may be a very large part of the economy. How large is the black economy? For years, the International Monetary Fund has estimated that around 30% of the global economy is â€Å"informal†; the figure is higher in poor and developing countries, and lower – but still exists at a significant level – in first-world countries. More recent studies, in particular, one done by a researcher at Bogazici University (Turkey) in 2012 using several sophisticated statistical models, give slightly lower estimates of about 22%. The black economy is largest in Sub-Saharan Africa and Latin America, accounting for between 38 and 40 percent of those economies, and smallest in the OECD countries at slightly less than 18%. The black economy is also said to be counter-cyclical, that is, growing when the formal economy shrinks; since 1960 the size of the black economy gradually declined in most of the world but began to grow rapidly again from 2008, after the onset of the global financial crisis. The Link Between the Black Economy and Poverty The black economy is obviously larger in poorer, less-developed countries, and the link between poverty and the â€Å"informal† economy was established in two important reports published by the International Labour Organisation in 1972-1973, which characterized the development of a black economy as an outcome of survival strategies by impoverished people, most often those migrating into cities in search of economic opportunities. The ILO drew the significant (for that time) conclusion that the black economy should be considered an integral rather than complementary or marginal part of the economy but considered the existence of a large black economy as still being evidence of poverty. You may be interested in: From Boom to Bust: Financial Crisis of 2008 Currency Exchange Rates and Management What is Fiat Money? Financial Rewards Are the Only Way to Gain Employee Loyalty Money Makes the World Go Around The reasoning behind this assertion is that while a black economy can grow and actually provide fairly stable livelihoods for a lot of people, its extralegal nature prevents small entrepreneurs from growing beyond a certain point, and keeps individual workers from entering the formal job market and financial system. The ILO prescription for correcting the problem of the black economy growing in countries where unemployment and low economic output persisted was to address what the organization saw as its root causes: Excess labor supply, undercapitalization of the business sector, and a lack of skills and accessible technology. By providing educational, financial, and technical resources, it was thought, much of the black economy could be transferred to the formal economy. That was a nice idea, but in most countries, it did not work. In his 2000 book The Mystery of Capital, author Hernando de Soto explains that the ILO misread the real problems that led to the growth of a black economy. In most countries, according to de Soto’s research, the informal economic sector actually has a great amount of technical, financial, and skill resources, and the evidence of it should be instantly recognizable. After all, the full spectrum of economic activity, even if only in rough forms, is represented in the black economy, which would not be possible without the existence of the very resources the ILO believed were lacking. In de Soto’s view, simply providing more resources through training programs, housing assistance, conditional cash transfer programs, health care, and similar initiatives simply adds wealth to the black economy system and allows it to flourish, making it even harder to ‘correct’. The real solution, de Soto asserts, is n ot to provide resources but to correct institutional and regulatory structures that keep black economy resources isolated from the mainstream economy by introducing legal reforms that encourage contract enforcement, statutory and tax legalization of businesses, and strong protections of property rights. To some degree, this direction is already being followed in many parts of the world. The growth of microfinance programs, particularly in South Asia and Latin America, have in the past couple decades given more people access to the mainstream financial system by providing credit and savings. Microfinance programs also have an added advantage for governments, in that they permit at least some of the people in the black economy to be tracked, accounted for in economic calculations, and taxed. Another initiative that has grown in some parts of the black economy, particularly among agricultural workers and their families, is the growth of cooperatives. While an individual small farmer or sharecropper might only produce barely above a subsistence level of output and find himself marginalized from opportunities to formalize his business, gathering many of these people together into a cooperative gives them access to a formal business structure, and as a result, credit and other resources t o help them expand their economic activity. Despite progress in some areas, however, as the growth of the world’s black economy after 2008 showed, it is still a persistent and widespread part of global society, one which is highly sensitive to changes in economic conditions. Part of its longevity can be attributed to its attractiveness; living and working under circumstances where one is not troubled by pesky laws or taxes is not an unappealing concept. So while governments will continue to strive to reduce the black economy, it is unlikely it will ever disappear entirely. Read more about it:  Hernando De Soto, The Mystery of Capital: Why Capitalism Triumphs in the West and Fails Everywhere Else. New York: Basic Books, 2000.